Musculoskeletal-System-agents

Acacia gum

Auranofin

Auranofin is an organogold compound classified by the World Health Organization as an antirheumatic agent.It appears to induce heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) mRNA.It is used in the treatment of active, progressive or destructive forms of inflammatory arthritis, such as adult rheumatoid arthritis.Auranofin is a gold salt used in treating inflammatory arthritis. Gold salts are called second-line drugs because they are often considered when the arthritis progresses in spite of antiinflammatory drugs.

Baclofen

Baclofen is a derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid. It is primarily used to treat spasticity and is under investigation for the treatment of alcoholism. It is an agonist for the GABA_B receptors. Its beneficial effects in spasticity result from actions at spinal and supraspinal sites. It can also be used to treat hiccups, and has been shown to prevent rises in body temperature induced by the drug MDMA in rats. A very beneficial property of baclofen is that tolerance does not seem to occur to any significant degree-baclofen retains its therapeutic anti-spasmodic effects even after many years of continued use.

Carisoprodol

Carisoprodol is a centrally-acting skeletal muscle relaxant.It is slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol, chloroform and acetone.It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.Carisoprodol is a central nervous system depressant that acts as a sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant.It interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception.

Chlorzoxazone

Chlorzoxazone a synthetic compound, inhibits antigen-induced bronchospasms and, hence, is used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis.It is used as an ophthalmic solution to treat conjunctivitis and is taken orally to treat systemic mastocytosis and ulcerative colitis.Chlorzoxazone is also a centrally-acting agent for painful musculoskeletal conditions.It inhibits degranulation of mast cells, subsequently preventing the release of histamine and slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), mediators of type I allergic reactions. Chlorzoxazone also may reduce the release of inflammatory leukotrienes.It may act by inhibiting calcium and potassium influx which would lead to neuronal inhibition and muscle relaxation.

Cisatracurium Besylate

Cisatracurium Besylate is a neuromuscular blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. It is a bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolinium agent with an intermediate duration of action. Cisatracurium Besylate is one of the ten isomers of the parent molecule, atracurium.It can be used safely in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Diclofenac

Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug taken to reduce inflammation and as an analgesic reducing pain in certain conditions. It is often used to treat pain, dysmenorrhea, ocular inflammation, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and actinic keratosis.

Etodolac

Etodolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Its therapeutic effects are due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. It is indicated for relief of signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.It is also used to treat acute and long-term management of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, as well as for the management of pain.

Etofylline

Etofylline is acts as an inhibitor of 3',5'-Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. It has diuretic, muscle relaxant, bronchial dilation and CNS stimulant activities.

Fenoprofen

Fenoprofen is an anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic highly bound to plasma proteins. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by decreasing the enzyme needed for biosynthesis.It is used for relief of the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.Fenoprofen's overdose appear within several hours and generally involve the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems.They include dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, headache, ataxia, tinnitus, tremor, drowsiness, and confusion.