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Bacampicillin is an antibiotic in the class of drugs called penicillins. It fights bacteria in the body. Bacampicillin is used to treat many different types of infections, such as tonsillitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and infections of the skin. Bacampicillin may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
Blasticidin S is an antibiotic that is produced by Streptomyces griseochromogenes. In biological research, specifically genetic engineering, it is used to select transformed cells which have been engineered to carry a resistance gene for blasticidin. In short, DNA of interest is fused to DNA encoding a resistance gene, and then is transformed into cells. After allowing time for recovery and for cells to begin transcribing and translating their new DNA, blasticidin is added. Now only the cells that have the new DNA can grow.
Caprylic acid is the common name for the eight-carbon saturated fatty acid. It is found naturally in the milk of various mammals, and it is a minor constituent of coconut oil and palm kernel oil. It is used commercially in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes. It is also used in the treatment of some bacterial infections. It is an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer in commercial food handling establishments on dairy equipment, food processing equipment, breweries, wineries, and beverage processing plants. It is also used as disinfectant in health care facilities, schools/colleges, animal care/veterinary facilities, industrial facilities, office buildings, recreational facilities, retail and wholesale establishments, livestock premises, restaurants, and hotels/motels. In addition, caprylic acid is used as an algaecide, bactericide, and fungicide in nurseries, greenhouses, garden centers, and interiorscapes on ornamentals.
Carbenicillin is a bactericidal and bacteriolytic antibiotic belonging to the carboxypenicillin subgroup of the penicillins. It was discovered by scientists at Beecham. It has Gram-negative coverage which includes Pseudomonas aeruginosa but limited Gram-positive coverage. The carboxypenicillins are susceptible to degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes, although they are more resistant than ampicillin to degradation. It is a semi-synthetic analogue of the naturally occurring benzyl-penicillin. In molecular biology, carbenicillin may be preferred as a selecting agent because its breakdown results in byproducts with a lower toxicity than analogous antibiotics like ampicillin.
Cephaloridine is a cephalosporin compound with pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side groups. Cephaloridine is a first generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C. Cephaloridine can be synthesised from Cephalotin and pyridine by deacetylation. Cephalosporins have a six membered sulfur containing ring adjoining a β lactam ring. Cephaloridine is very active against gram positive cocci and used in a large variety of bacterial infections, such as respiratory tract, skin and urinary tract infections. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. Cephaloridine is, however, highly cytotoxic to the proximal renal tubule, the segment of the nephron responsible for the secretion of organic anions, including para-am-minohippurate (PAH), as well as the various penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics. Cephaloridine was used to treat 136 bacterial infections in 122 hospitalized patients. Its antibacterial and clinical effectiveness against serious staphylococcal infections compared favorably with that of cephalothin sodium and of penicillinase-resistant penicillins in similar cases. Cephaloridine was highly effective clinically and in eradicating the causative organisms in infections due to pneumococci, streptococci, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis; but its effectiveness against klebsielleae was variable. Cephaloridine is excreted in the urine without undergoing metabolism. It inhibits organic ion transport in the kidney. This process is preceded by the lipid peroxidation.
Cephalotaxine is an antiviral and antitumor agent. It is benzazepine alkaloid isolated from Cephalotaxus harringtonia. Cephalotaxine is used for the determination and identification, pharmacological experiments.
Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class. It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone antibacterial. It kills bacteria by interfering with the enzymes that cause DNA to rewind after being copied, which stops synthesis of DNA and of protein.Ciprofloxacin is used to treat a infections of bones and joints, endocarditis, gastroenteritis, malignant otitis externa, respiratory tract infections, cellulitis, urinary tract infections, prostatitis, anthrax, chancroid.Ciprofloxacin can alter and be altered by the metabolism and effects of other drugs, resulting in some significant drug-drug interactions that may affect the musculoskeletal, central nervous, renal, and other systems.
Cycloheximide is an inhibitor of protein biosynthesis in eukaryotic organisms, produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.Its effects are rapidly reversed by removing it from the culture medium.It is also used in hospital,research laboratories as an antibiotic, agricultural fungicide.
Dicloxacillin is a narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class. It is used to treat infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria. It is active against beta-lactamase-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, which would otherwise be resistant to most penicillins. It is very similar to flucloxacillin and these two agents are considered interchangeable.
Metronidazole is a nitroimidazole antibiotic medication used particularly for anaerobic bacteria and protozoa.It is also amebicide.It is also used as a gel preparation in the treatment of the dermatological conditions such as rosacea and fungating tumours,used to treat infections of Giardia in dogs, cats, and other companion animals.It is also used to treat enteric (gi) and systemic infections.
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