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Cyclothiazide is a benzothiadiazide diuretic and antihypertensive that was originally introduced in the United States in 1963 by Eli Lilly and was subsequently also marketed in Europe and Japan. In 1993, it was discovered that cyclothiazide is a positive allosteric modulator of the AMPA receptor, capable of reducing or essentially eliminating rapid desensitization of the receptor, and potentiating glutamate currents by as much as 18-fold at the highest concentration tested. Additionally, in 2003, cyclothiazide was also found to act as a GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulator, potently inhibiting GABAA-mediated currents. In animals it is a powerful convulsant, robustly enhancing epileptiform activity and inducing seizures, but interestingly without producing any apparent neuronal death.
Cycrimine is a central anticholenergic drug designed to reduce the levels of acetylcholine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Its mechanism of action is to bind to the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1.
Cymserine is a drug related to physostigmine, which acts as a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, with moderate selectivity for the plasma cholinesterase enzyme butyrylcholinesterase, and relatively weaker inhibition of the more well known acetylcholinesterase enzyme. This gives it a much more specific profile of effects that may be useful for treating Alzheimer's disease without producing side effects like tremor, lacrimation and salivation that are seen with the older non-selective cholinesterase inhibitors currently used for this application, such as donepezil. A number of cymserine derivatives have been developed with much greater selectivity for butyrylcholinesterase, and both cymserine itself and several of its analogues have been tested in animals, and found to increase brain acetylcholine levels and produce nootropic effects, as well as reducing levels of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta, which are commonly used biomarkers for the development of Alzheimer's disease.
Cyprazepam is a drug which is a sedative-hypnotic benzodiazepine derivative. It has anxiolytic properties, and presumably also has hypnotic, skeletal muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant and amnestic properties.
Cyprenorphine is a drug which is an opioid derivative. It is related to more well-known opioids such as buprenorphine, which is used as an analgesic and for the treatment of opioid addiction, and diprenorphine, which is used as an antidote to reverse the effects of other opioids. It has mixed agonist-antagonist effects at opioid receptors, like those of buprenorphine. However the effects of cyprenorphine are somewhat different, as it produces pronounced dysphoric and hallucinogenic effects which limit its potential use as an analgesic.
Cypress oil is obtained from Cupressus sempervirens.It is beneficial in conditions of excess fluid, such as bleeding, nosebleeds, heavy menstruation, heavy perspiration, cough and bronchitis, hemorrhages and fluid retention. The antispasmodic action is very useful for asthma, whooping cough, bronchitis, emphysema and influenza.It is used in perfumery, flavor raw materials, health tonics, ayurvedic preparations, herbal cosmetics and aromatherapy oils.
Cyprodime is an opioid antagonist from the morphinan family of drugs. It is a selective opioid antagonist which blocks the μ-opioid receptor, but without affecting the δ-opioid or κ-opioid receptors. This makes it useful for scientific research as it allows the μ-opioid receptor to be selectively deactivated so that the actions of the δ and κ receptors can be studied separately, in contrast to better known opioid antagonists such as naloxone which block all three opioid receptor subtypes.
Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride is an antihistaminic and antiserotonergic agent.
Cyproterone was one of the few drugs used to treat precocious puberty. It was also used in animal experimentation to investigate the actions of androgens in fetal sexual differentiation.
Cyt387, also called Momelotinib, under the IUPAC name N-(cyanomethyl)-4-(2-((4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl)benzamide, is an ATP competitive inhibitor of JAK1 (IC50 = 11 nM) and JAK2 (IC50 = 18 nM) with potential antineoplastic activity, which may result result in the induction of apoptosis and a reduction of tumor cell proliferation in JAK1/2-expressing tumor cells. http://www.bocsci.com/cyt387-cas-1056634-68-4-item-84-307720.html
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