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Hodgkinsine is an alkaloid found in plants of the Psychotria genus, particularly Psychotria colorata, although it is also found in Psychotria lyciiflora and probably other species in this family, as well as in the related species Calycodendron milnei. It is a trimer composed of three pyrrolidinoindoline subunits, with the monomer closely resembling another alkaloid eseroline which has similar bioactivity. Hodgkinsine has antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal effects, but has mainly been researched for the analgesic effects that it produces, and is thought to be one of the components responsible for the analgesic effects seen when Psychotria colorata is used in traditional medical practice in humans. It has been found to act as both a mu opioid agonist and an NMDA antagonist, both of which are mechanisms of action shared with commonly used painkillers.
Hydralazine is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used to treat hypertension by acting as a vasodilator primarily in arteries and arterioles. By relaxing vascular smooth muscle, vasodilators act to decrease peripheral resistance, thereby lowering blood pressure and decreasing afterload.
Hydrocodone is narcotic analgesic related to codeine, but more potent and more addicting by weight. It is used also as cough suppressant.Symptoms of overdose include respiratory depression (a decrease in respiratory rate and/or tidal volume, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, cyanosis), extreme somnolence progressing to stupor or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, dizziness, ringing in the ears, confusion, blurred vision, eye problems, cold and clammy skin, and sometimes bradycardia and hypotension. In severe overdose, apnea, circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest and death may occur
Hydroxyzine is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Symptoms of overexposure include hypersedation.
Hymecromone is a drug used in bile therapy. It is used as choleretic and antispasmodic drugs and as a standard for the fluorometric determination of enzyme activity.
Ibipinabant is a drug used in scientific research which acts as a potent and highly selective CB1 antagonist. It has potent anorectic effects in animals, and was researched for the treatment of obesity, although CB1 antagonists as a class have now fallen out of favour as potential anorectics following the problems seen with rimonabant, and so ibipinabant is now only used for laboratory research, especially structure-activity relationship studies into novel CB1 antagonists.
Idoxuridine is an anti-herpesvirus antiviral drug.It is a nucleoside analogue, a modified form of deoxyuridine, similar enough to be incorporated into viral DNA replication, but the iodine atom added to the uracil component blocks base pairing. Idoxuridine is used only topically due to cardiotoxicity.It was synthesized by William Prusoff in the late 1950s.Idoxuridine is mainly used topically to treat herpes simplex keratitis.
Indacaterol is an ultra-long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist. It is licensed only for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Isoconazole is an azole antifungal drug.
Isoxsuprine is a drug used as a vasodilator in humans and equines. It is a beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Therefore, it is used in humans for treatment of premature labour, i.e. a tocolytic.
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