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Psilocybine is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound produced by more than 200 species of mushrooms, collectively known as psilocybin mushrooms. As a prodrug, psilocybine is quickly converted by the body to psilocin, which has mind-altering effects similar (in some aspects) to those of LSD, mescaline, and DMT. This chemical reaction takes place under strongly acidic conditions, or under physiological conditions in the body, through the action of enzymes called alkaline phosphatases. Psilocybin is an alkaloid that is soluble in water, methanol and aqueous ethanol, but insoluble in organic solvents like chloroform and petroleum ether. Psilocybine is a tryptamine compound with a chemical structure containing an indole ring linked to an ethylamine substituent. It is chemically related to the amino acid tryptophan, and is structurally similar to the neurotransmitter serotonin. Psilocybine is a member of the general class of tryptophan-based compounds that originally functioned as antioxidants in earlier life forms before assuming more complex functions in multicellular organisms, including humans. Psilocybine is an alkaloid that is soluble in water, methanol and aqueous ethanol, but insoluble in organic solvents like chloroform and petroleum ether. Its pKa values are estimated to be 1.3 and 6.5 for the two successive phosphate OH groups and 10.4 for the dimethylamine nitrogen, so in general it exists as a zwitterionic structure. Psilocybine is rapidly dephosphorylated in the body to psilocin, which is a partial agonist for several serotonergic receptors.
Pyritinol is a semi-natural water soluble analog of vitamin B6. It was produced in 1961 by Merck Laboratories by bonding 2 vitamin B6 compounds together with a disulfide bridge. It is approved for symptomatic treatment of chronically impaired brain function in dementia syndromes and for supportive treatment of sequelae of craniocerebral trauma in various European countries.
Quinagolide is a selective, D2 receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of elevated levels of prolactin.
A quinoxaline, in organic chemistry, is a heterocyclic compound containing a ring complex made up of a benzene ring and a pyrazine ring. It is isomeric with quinazoline, phthalazine and cinnoline. Quinoxalines are used as dyes, pharmaceuticals and antibiotics such as echinomycin, levomycin and actinoleutin.
Rabeprazole is an antiulcer drug in the class of proton pump inhibitors. It belongs to a class of antisecretory compounds.It is a prodrug in the acid environment of the parietal cells it turns into active sulphenamide form.It is used for the treatment of acid-reflux disorders (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori eradication, and prevention of gastroinetestinal bleeds with NSAID use.Rabeprazole inhibits the H+, K+ATPase of the coating gastric cells and dose-dependent oppresses basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion.
Raltegravir is prescribed in combination with other medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It belongs to a class of medications called integrase inhibitors which work by blocking the action of integrase, an enzyme responsible for spreading the HIV virus in the body.
Raltitrexed is an antimetabolite drug used in cancer chemotherapy. It is an inhibitor of thymidylate synthase. Raltitrexed belongs to a group of medicines known as antimetabolites. It is used to treat cancer of the colon and rectum. It may also be used to treat other kinds of cancer, as determined by your doctor. Raltitrexed blocks an enzyme needed by the cell to live. Raltitrexed is an antineoplastic Agents and folic acid antagonists. Raltitrexed inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS) leading to DNA fragmentation and cell death. It is transported into cells via a reduced folate carrier.
Regadenoson is an A2A adenosine receptor agonist that is a coronary vasodilator. It produces maximal hyperemia quickly and maintains it for an optimal duration that is practical for radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging.
Regorafenib is an orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Regorafenib binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 2 and 3, and Ret, Kit, PDGFR and Raf kinases, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation.
Remoxipride is an atypical antipsychotic which was previously used in Europe for the treatment of schizophrenia but was withdrawn due to toxicity concerns. It was initially launched by AstraZeneca in 1990 and suspension of its use began in 1993. It acts as a selective D2 and D3 receptor antagonist and also has high affinity for the sigma receptor, possibly playing a role in its atypical neuroleptic action.
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