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Chloral hydrate is a sedative and hypnotic drug as well as a chemical reagent and precursor. It was discovered through the chlorination of ethanol in 1832 by Justus von Liebig in Gießen. Its sedative properties were first published in 1869 and subsequently, because of its easy synthesis, its use was widespread. It was widely used recreationally and misprescribed in the late 19th century. A solution of chloral hydrate in alcohol called "knockout drops" was used to prepare a Mickey Finn. More reputable uses of chloral hydrate include its use as a clearing agent of chitin and as a key ingredient of Hoyer's mounting medium, which is used for slide-mounted observation of organisms under a large microscope. In electroplating industry it is used to adjust the electronic potential difference in semi-bright nickel plating and in agriculture, it is used as intermediate of herbicide and other kinds of pesticides .
Chlormethiazole is a sedative and hypnotic that is widely used in treating and preventing symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal. It is a drug which is structurally related to thiamine but acts like a sedative, hypnotic, muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant. It is also used for the management of agitation, restlessness, short-term insomnia and Parkinson's disease in the elderly.
Chlorprothixene is a typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthene class and was the first of the series to be synthesized. It was introduced in 1959 by Lundbeck. Chlorprothixene is not approved for use in the United States.
Cholecalciferol is a form of vitamin D. It is structurally similar to steroids such as testosterone, cholesterol, and cortisol. It is used as additives in feed premixes. It is also used in pharmaceutical & cosmetic industry.
Clavulanic Acid is a β-lactam drug that functions as a mechanism-based β-lactamase inhibitor. Clavulanic Acid was discovered around 1974/75 by British scientists working at the drug company Beecham. Clavulanic acid is biosynthetically generated from the amino acid arginine and the sugar glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
Cyanocobalamin is an especially common vitamer of the vitamin B12 family. It is the most famous vitamer of the family, because it is, in chemical terms, the most air-stable. It is the easiest to crystallize and, therefore, easiest to purify after it is produced by bacterial fermentation, or synthesized in vitro. A form of vitamin B12 called hydroxocobalamin is produced by bacteria, and then changed to cyanocobalamin in the process of being purified in activated charcoal columns after being separated from the bacterial cultures. Cyanide is naturally present in activated charcoal, and hydroxocobalamin, which has great affinity for cyanide, picks it up, and is changed to cyanocobalamin. Thus, the cyanocobalamin form of B12 is the most widespread in the food industry.
Cyclohexylamine is an organic chemical, an amine derived from cyclohexane. It is toxic by both ingestion and inhalation; the inhalation itself may be fatal. It readily absorbs through skin, which it irritates. It is corrosive. It is used as an intermediate in synthesis of some herbicides, antioxidants, accelerators for vulcanization, pharmaceuticals, corrosion inhibitors, some sweeteners etc. It has been used as a flushing aid in the printing ink industry.
Cyclomethycaine is a local anesthetic.
Cyclooctylamine clear colorless to light yellow liquid which is widely used as a intermediate in synthesis of pharma compounds.
D(+)-Malic Acid used in many fields including chiral pharmaceuticals,chiral additives and chiral auxiliaries,food industries.
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