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Nimesulide is a relatively COX-2 selective, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic properties.It is a sulphonanilide analogue.Its approved indications are the treatment of acute pain, the symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis and primary dysmenorrhoea in adolescents and adults above 12 years old.It acts by inhibiting the release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, acts as a competitive inhibitor of histamine release and reduces superoxide anion formation. It is absorbed rapidly and completely after oral administration. Nimesulide is proved safe and effective in the treatment of a wide range of inflammatory and painful conditions, including osteoarthritis, extra-articular disorders such as tendinitis and bursitis, post-operative pain, primary dysmenorrhoea.
Nitazoxanide is a synthetic nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide derivative and an antiprotozoal agent. It is used for the treatment of infectious diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia in patients 1 year of age and older. It is currently in Phase II clinical trials for the treatment of hepatitis C, in combination with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin.
Nitrobenzene is an organic compound. It is produced on a large scale as a precursor to aniline. Although occasionally used as a flavoring or perfume additive, nitrobenzene is highly toxic in large quantities. In the laboratory, it is occasionally used as a solvent, especially for electrophilic reagents. It is also used in shoe and floor polishes, leather dressings, paint solvents, and other materials to mask unpleasant odors. A significant merchant market for nitrobenzene is its use in the production of the analgesic paracetamol. It is also used in Kerr cells, as it has an unusually large Kerr constant.
Nitrocellulose is used as support in diagnostic tests where antigen-antibody binding occur. It is also used as a wound dressing in topical skin applications, such as liquid skin and in the application of salicylic acid, the active ingredient in Compound W wart remover. In addition, it is used in radon tests for alpha track etches. It is used as a medium for cryptographic one-time pads for making the disposal of the pad complete, secure, and efficient. Furthermore, it is used for producing of adhesives which is used to splice Celluloid plastics and gunpowder.
Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic. It is usually used in treating urinary tract infection. It is often used against E. coli. Nitrofurantoin is a commonly used drug in the treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections.
Nitromethane is an organic compound. It is a slightly viscous, highly polar liquid commonly used as a solvent in a variety of industrial applications such as in extractions, as a reaction medium, and as a cleaning solvent. As an intermediate in organic synthesis, it is used widely in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, fibers, and coatings. It is also used as a racing fuel in Top Fuel drag racing, and as an important component in the fuel for the miniature internal combustion engines used, for example, in radio-controlled models.
Nitrous oxide is an oxide of nitrogen. It is used in surgery and dentistry for its anesthetic and analgesic effects. It is known as "laughing gas" due to the euphoric effects of inhaling it, a property that has led to its recreational use as a dissociative anesthetic. It is also used as an hybrid oxidizer in rocketry and in motor racing to increase the power output of engines. At elevated temperatures, nitrous oxide is a powerful oxidizer similar to molecular oxygen.
Nizofenone is a psychostimulant/nootropic. It has been shown to have neuroprotective effects and protects neurons from death following cerebral anoxia. It might thus be useful in the treatment of acute neurological conditions such as stroke.
Nogalamycin is an anthracycline. It is too toxic to be used clinically but it has a unique structure among aromatic polyketides, which makes it interesting.
Nonabine is a drug which is a cannabinoid derivative, which was developed for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy. It has strong antiemetic effects equivalent to those of chlorpromazine, and also produces some mild sedative effects, along with dry mouth and EEG changes typical of cannabinoid agonists, but with minimal changes in mood or perception, suggesting the abuse potential is likely to be low.
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