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Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia, and is also used off-label in the treatment of bipolar disorder. The first of the atypical antipsychotics to be developed, it was first introduced in Europe in 1971, but was voluntarily withdrawn by the manufacturer in 1975 after it was shown to cause agranulocytosis, a condition involving a dangerous decrease in the number of white blood cells, that led to death in some patients. In 1989, after studies demonstrated that it was effective in treating treatment-resistant schizophrenia, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved clozapine's use but only for treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
Collodion is a syrup like liquid that is flammable.It is typically used as a surgical dressing and forms a flexible nitrocellulose membrane.
Cortisone is a steroid hormone.Cortisone injection can also be used to give short-term pain relief and reduce the swelling from inflammation of a joint,or tendon.It is also used to deliberately suppress immune response in persons with autoimmune diseases or following an organ transplant to prevent transplant rejection. cortisone is a common treatment for a severe sore throat that occurs commonly with EBV infectious mononucleosis. It is important to note that cortisone does not help lessen the duration of the virus, and is used purely to increase the comfort of a patient with trouble speaking or swallowing as a result of the mononucleosis-induced swollen throat.
Cyanamide is widely used in agriculture and the production of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds. It is also used as an alcohol deterrent drug in Canada, Europe and Japan. The molecule features a nitrile group attached to an amino group. Although it is similar in structure to hydrogen cyanide, it is not as toxic. Derivatives of this compound are also referred to as cyanamides, the most common being calcium cyanamide (CaCN2).
Cycrimine is a central anticholenergic drug designed to reduce the levels of acetylcholine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Its mechanism of action is to bind to the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1.
Cymserine is a drug related to physostigmine, which acts as a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, with moderate selectivity for the plasma cholinesterase enzyme butyrylcholinesterase, and relatively weaker inhibition of the more well known acetylcholinesterase enzyme. This gives it a much more specific profile of effects that may be useful for treating Alzheimer's disease without producing side effects like tremor, lacrimation and salivation that are seen with the older non-selective cholinesterase inhibitors currently used for this application, such as donepezil. A number of cymserine derivatives have been developed with much greater selectivity for butyrylcholinesterase, and both cymserine itself and several of its analogues have been tested in animals, and found to increase brain acetylcholine levels and produce nootropic effects, as well as reducing levels of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta, which are commonly used biomarkers for the development of Alzheimer's disease.
Cyprodime is an opioid antagonist from the morphinan family of drugs. It is a selective opioid antagonist which blocks the μ-opioid receptor, but without affecting the δ-opioid or κ-opioid receptors. This makes it useful for scientific research as it allows the μ-opioid receptor to be selectively deactivated so that the actions of the δ and κ receptors can be studied separately, in contrast to better known opioid antagonists such as naloxone which block all three opioid receptor subtypes.
D-Threose is a four-carbon monosaccharide or carbohydrate which can be used to refer to both the D- and L-stereoisomers.
Darunavir is an antiretroviral medication used to treat and prevent HIV/ AIDS. It is generally recommended for use with other antiretrovirals. Darunavi is often used with low doses of ritonavir or cobicistat to increase darunavir levels. Darunavi may be used for prevention after a needlestick injury or other potential exposure.Darunavi is taken by mouth once to twice a day.
Dasatinib is an oral dual BCR/ABL and Src family tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for use in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). It is being evaluated for use in numerous other cancers, including advanced prostate cancer.
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