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Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant drug which can be useful in the treatment of epilepsy.It acts to dampen the unwanted, runaway brain activity seen in seizure by reducing electrical conductance among brain cells. It lacks the sedation effects associated with phenobarbital.Phenytoin acts on sodium channels on the neuronal cell membrane, limiting the spread of seizure activity and reducing seizure propagation. By promoting sodium efflux from neurons, phenytoin tends to stabilize the threshold against hyperexcitability caused by excessive stimulation or environmental changes capable of reducing membrane sodium gradient. This includes the reduction of post-tetanic potentiation at synapses.
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Picenadol is a 4-phenylpiperidine derivative that is an opioid analgesic drug. It is an effective analgesic with similar efficacy to pethidine . It has been investigated for some applications such as obstetrics and dentistry, but never commercialised.
Pinazepam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.
Piracetam is a nootropic drug. It is a cyclic derivative of GABA. It is one of the group of racetams. Piracetam acts on the central nervous system. It is thought to protect the part of the brain called the cerebral cortex against a lack of oxygen. Piracetam is used alongside other medicines in the treatment of cortical myoclonus. Piracetam improves the function of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine via muscarinic cholinergic (ACh) receptors which are implicated in memory processes. It appears to reverse the effects of aging in the brains of mice, reduce levels of lipofuscin in the rat brain, and effective in treating cognitive impairment in alcoholism, effective for improving cognition in Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia patients. Piracetam is useful as a long-term treatment for clotting, coagulation, and vasospastic disorders such as Raynaud's phenomenon and deep-vein thrombosis. It is an extremely safe anti-thrombotic agent that operates through the novel mechanism of inhibiting platelet aggregation and enhancing blood-cell deformability.
Piribedil is an antiparkinsonian agent and piperazine derivative which acts as a D2 and D3 receptor agonist. It also has α2-adrenergic antagonist properties. The drug has been shown to enhance working memory capacities in normal aging adults. It showed a positive effect in restless legs syndrome.
Pirnabine is a synthetic cannabinoid receptor ligand, which was developed for the treatment of glaucoma.
Pirprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
Poloxamer is nonionic triblock copolymer composed of a central hydrophobic chain of polyoxypropylene.It is used in industrial applications, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.It is also been used evaluated for various drug delivery applications and were shown to sensitize drug resistant cancers to chemotherapy.
Ponatinib is an orally bioavailable multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities.Ponatinib was approved by the US FDA on December 14, 2012, for patients with resistant or intolerant CML and Ph+ ALL, based on results of the PACE phase II trial reported days earlier at the annual ASH meeting.Ponatinib was designed using ARIAD’s computational and structure-based drug design platform to inhibit the enzymatic activity of BCR-ABL with very high potency and broad specificity. Ponatinib was intended to target not only native BCR-ABL, but also its isoforms that carry mutations that confer resistance to treatment with existing tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including especially the T315I mutation for which no effective therapy exists.
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