Benzene
Benzene is an organic chemical with the chemical formula C6H6 and CAS number 71-43-2. The benzene molecular structure is made of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring with one atom of hydrogen attached to each carbon atom. It is classified as a hydrocarbon as it has only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Benzene is a colorless liquid with 5.53 degree Celsius of melting point and boiling point of 80.1 degree Celsius. Michael Faraday was first who isolated benzene in 1825 from the oily residue extracted from the production of illuminating gas and gave it the name bicarburet of hydrogen.
Benzene Production Methods
Benzene manufacturers can produce industrial benzene through four chemical processes:
- Catalytic Reforming
- Toluene Hydrodealkylation
- Toluene Disproportionation
- Steam Cracking
Benzene Uses
- As a Solvent: Industries buy benzene as it is commonly used as a solvent. It is used in the manufacturing of various chemicals like ethylbenzene, cumene, cyclohexane and plastic products like polystyrene and EPS.
- As an Intermediate: Benzene is also used to produce tires, rubber, detergents, pesticides and herbicides.
- Component of Gasoline: Benzene acts as a gasoline additive increasing the octane rating and reducing knocking, later it was replaced by tetraethyl lead, widely used antiknock additive.
- Printing: Benzene is there in products used for cleaning and maintaining printing equipment, along with ink used for printing. Variety of painting products such as spray paints, stains, sealers and coat paints also have benzene in its ingredients.
Handling and Storage of Benzene
Benzene suppliers, manufacturers or buyers need to follow some safety instructions while handling and storage when they buy benzene.
Store it away from heat, direct sunlight and ignition sources. Benzene should be stored in a dry, cool and ventilated area. Store away from incompatible or reactive materials and should be ensured that storage containers are grounded.
Benzene Hazards or Toxicity
- It is a flammable liquid, benzene suppliers or who buy benzene should be cautious while handling it.
- Contact of benzene with eyes or shin can cause irritation, drying or dermatitis.
- Inhalation can cause irritation in the respiratory tracts, CNS depression.
- Can cause cancer, mutagenicity, aspiration of it into the lungs may produce potentially fatal chemical pneumonitis.
Manufactures, benzene suppliers or buyers should be aware of hazards and toxicity related to benzene and must take safety measures before dealing with it.
Safety Measures
People handling or working with benzene-like benzene suppliers, manufacturers or buyers can keep in mind following safety measures:
- Eye Contact: Immediately flushing of eyes with water, keep eyelids open and seek medical attention soon.
- Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothes, wash gently the contaminated skin and seek medical attention.
- Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a well-ventilated area, if the victim is not breathing, use artificial respiration, seek medical attention.
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