Properties
Magnesium chloride (CAS No: 7786-30-3) is an inorganiccompound with the chemical formula MgCl2. It is a white or colorless crystalline solid, which is slightly soluble in acetone and pyridine. This compound is also known as magnesium dichloride.It predominantly exists as hydrates, especially hexahydrate MgCl2.6H2O. This inorganic compound crystallizes in the cadmium chloride motif that has octahedral magnesium centers. It is a hygroscopic salt.
Occurrence and Production
Magnesium metal and magnesium chloride can be sourced from sea water. Extraction of the inorganic salt is done through the Dow process, where magnesium metal is isolated from sea water through electrolysis. Magnesium cations are precipitated with hydroxide ions. Soluble magnesium chloride is produced by treating magnesium suspension with hydrochloric acid. It is then subjected to recrystallization. Magnesium chloride can also be produced using magnesium carbonate through a similar reaction.
Mg(OH)2 + 2 HCl → MgCl2+ 2 H2O
Applications
Anhydrous magnesium chloride suppliers sell the chemical on a large scale to industries, where it is used to obtain magnesium metal. Various industries buy magnesium chloride for applications such as wind erosion mitigation, soil stabilization and dust control. Catalyst manufacturers buy magnesium chloride as an ingredient and use them to produce olefins. City management bodies buy magnesium chloride for deicing roads, sidewalks and parking lots. Maintenance professionals buy magnesium chloride for carrying out anti icing of roads before a snowstorm, such that snow does not stick, and ice does not form. Nutraceutical and pharmaceutical companies buy magnesium chloride for the manufacture of their products. Baby formula milk and soyamilk manufacturers buy magnesium chloride as an ingredient.
Toxicity
Inhalation of the salt in large amounts can be harmful. Its ingestion in excessive amounts can cause vomiting, nausea and abdominal pain. Administration of higher doses can lead to respiratory arrest, muscle paralysis and coma.Magnesium chloride suppliers and manufacturers should be aware of the salt’s toxicity.
Handling and Storage
Good ventilationmust be provided in the process are to prevent dust accumulation and vapor formation.The inorganic salt must be disposed of safely in accordance with the regional regulations. Release of the chemical to the environment must be checked. The container must be kept closed, when the chemical is not in use. It must be kept away from incompatible materials such as silver nitrate as well assources of ignition and direct sunlight.
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