Structure of the MMP8 protein.
CAMBRIDGE, UK: A collaboration
between the University of Cambridge and MedImmune, the global biologics research and development arm of AstraZeneca, has led researchers to identify a potentially significant new application for a well-known human enzyme, which may have implications for treating respiratory diseases such as asthma
The enzyme known as MMP8 is present in the connective tissue of most mammals, where it breaks the chemical bonds found in collagen.
This research is published in the journal Chemistry & Biology.
Dr Florian Hollfelder from the department of biochemistry at Cambridge and Dr Lutz Jermutus, senior director, research and development at MedImmune, led a study to map a list of human enzymes (proteases) against potential protein drug targets.
Of particular interest was how MMP8 was able to disable a molecule known as IL-13, which is known to play an important role in several inflammatory diseases such as asthma and dermatitis. The researchers believe this may be a previously-unknown way in which the body regulates the action of IL-13, preventing these diseases in the majority of individuals. If so, it could provide an interesting target for new drugs against these common diseases.
“MMP8 is well-known to biochemists and we all thought we understood its function, but it’s clear that this and probably many other enzymes ‘moonlight’ and have several functions within the body,” explained Hollfelder. “Because the enzyme already had a ‘name’ and a function, nobody thought to see if it had a promiscuous side.”
“Our approach is new: we ‘recycle’ known enzymes and ask whether they can do other things than the ones they are known for,” said Jermutus. “In fact, we believe we have found other enzymes that could be similarly deployed against other disease-causing proteins, and this approach, if expanded, could provide further leads for new drugs.”
“Without MedImmune, our work would have stopped after seeing and characterising the interactions. The additional extension to cell and mouse models would have been inconceivable in my basic science group,” Hollfelder said
© University of Cambridge News